Amphiphilic Fluorocarbon Fire Extinguishing Agent System and Its Application Mechanism
Lithium battery fires represent a core fire protection challenge in the new energy sector. Unlike conventional fires, lithium battery fires feature rapid chain reactions of thermal runaway and difficult dissipation of internal accumulated heat, frequently leading to intermittent re-ignition after fire suppression and sustained high-temperature deflagration. Conventional dry powder and ordinary water-based fire extinguishing agents suffer from weak penetration and poor film-forming stability; they can only put out open surface flames yet fail to block internal heat propagation inside battery cells, resulting in an extremely high re-ignition rate. In addition, such agents tend to corrode battery modules and electronic control equipment.
The PFOS/PFOA-free eco-friendly C6 amphiphilic fluorocarbon fire extinguishing agent is a dedicated fire protection system developed to specifically address lithium battery re-ignition. Thanks to its special amphipathic cation-anion molecular structure, it can withstand extreme strong acid and alkali conditions generated during lithium battery combustion while maintaining stable and effective performance. This agent reduces the surface tension of aqueous solutions to 15–18 mN/m, breaking the penetration limitations of traditional fire suppressants. It rapidly seeps into cell gaps and separators, swiftly dissipates deep accumulated heat via vaporization heat absorption, and cuts off the chain reaction of thermal runaway at its source.
In terms of fire suppression and protection, the system forms a dual protective layer consisting of a water film and a fluorocarbon hydrophobic film. This dual layer maintains a stable temperature resistance range, resists flame erosion without easy rupture, and provides long-term isolation of oxygen and combustible gases. Meanwhile, integrated special flame retardant components efficiently capture active combustion free radicals to terminate combustion chemical reactions. A passivation layer is formed on the surfaces of lithium electrode sheets and current collectors to suppress electrolyte pyrolysis and cell decomposition, thoroughly blocking heat transfer between cells and eliminating large-area module fires as well as secondary re-ignition.
This mature industrial formula adopts a multi-component composite system that balances stability, weather resistance and low corrosivity, resolving prominent industry pain points including low-temperature crystallization, sedimentation during storage and high-temperature film breakdown. Actual tests verify ultra-fast fire suppression within 2 seconds, a flame resistance duration exceeding 19 minutes, zero re-ignition and low corrosion. Applicable to full scenarios such as energy storage power stations, power battery packs, lithium battery production and warehouses, it serves as a high-efficiency, eco-friendly and mass-producible core fire safety solution for the new energy industry.
